Financial Information for Decision Making of JB Hi-Fi Limited

Question: Examine about the Financial Information for Decision Making of JB Hi-Fi Limited. Answer: Presentation The investigation of budgetary execution and position is fundamental from the viewpoints of the financial specialists. The speculators put their cash on stake by putting resources into the companys shares in this way they ought to have comprehension of the companys money related execution and position (Needles, Powers, and Crosson, 2013). All together break down the companys money related execution, it is fundamental to evaluate the matter of the organization on four center boundaries, for example, benefit, liquidity, effectiveness, and equipping. In this specific situation, a report has been introduced here that covers the monetary examination of JB Hi-Fi Limited over the time of three budgetary years starting from 2014 and finishing on 2016. Organization Background The JB Hi-Fi Limited, headquartered in Chadstone (Australia), recorded on Australian stock trade, is a retailing organization. The organization participates in the matter of retail deals of home purchaser items through two geological sections, for example, Australia and New Zealand (JB Hi-Fi, 2016). The organization offers a scope of items which incorporates electronic items, media transmission, and cooking items. The organization was fused in the year 1974 and from that point forward it has developed complex to hold by and by 194 JB Hi-Fi stores. By and by the organization utilizes 7,814 individuals, which portrays its developing size. In the year 2016, the organization worked with all out incomes of $3.95 billion. Further, the EBIT and Operating benefit after duty of the organization were seen to be $221.2 million and $152.2 million separately (JB Hi-Fi, 2016). The adjustments in innovation have caused basic changes in the retail business everywhere throughout the world in the ongoing past years. The retail deal through stores isn't in style now after presentation of deals through online stages. Further, the opposition has got solid not in Australia however everywhere throughout the world after presentation of online deals stage. In any case, JB Hi-Fi is getting into business obtaining systems to lessen the unfriendly effect of rivalry. As of late in 2016, it has gained one of its rival in home machines to be specific Good Guys (Berry, 2016). Examination of Financial Performance The monetary presentation of the organization has been seen to be acceptable in the ongoing years as delineated from the progressive development in the incomes, benefits, and number of stores worked. Further test into the gainfulness, liquidity, proficiency, and outfitting is done as underneath: Productivity So as to evaluate the benefit of the organization, the unmistakable proportions to be specific net benefit and profit for value have been broke down. The net benefit proportion shows benefits propionate to deals (Tracy, 2012). Concerning JB Hi-Fi, the net benefit proportion for the year 2014, 2015, and 2016 have been seen as 3.67%, 3.75%, and 3.84% separately (Appendix). In this manner, it could be seen that the net benefit proportion of the organization has improved throughout the years. The expansion in net benefits proportion is the aftereffect of cost cutting. Because of expanded rivalry in the business, the organization will undoubtedly discover the cost cutting systems. Further, return on value shows benefits owing to the value proprietors proportionate to the complete investors value (Tracy, 2012). The arrival on value of JB Hi-Fi has been seen as 43.54%, 39.83%, and 37.62% for the years 2014, 2015, and 2016 (Appendix). The arrival on value is indicating descending pattern. The essential purpose behind destruction in the arrival on value is increment in the investors value over the period. The investors value has expanded from $294 million out of 2014 to $404 million of every 2016. Harvey Norman is the greatest contender of JB Hi-Fi. Looking at the gainfulness of JB Hi-Fi with Harvey Norman, it has been seen that net benefits proportion of the organization is lower than that of contender. In any case, the arrival on value of the organization is better. Harvey Norman has net benefit proportion of 12.34% while the arrival on value is 13.40% (Morningstar, 2017). Liquidity All together survey liquidity, the essential proportions, for example, current proportion and fast proportion have been figured and broke down. The current and speedy proportions show companys capacity to meet the transient obligation commitments. Higher the proportion better will be the liquidity position on the organization (Tracy, 2012). On account of JB Hi-Fi, the current proportion has been seen as 1.64, 1.62, and 1.57 occasions for the money related years 2014, 2015, and 2016 separately (Appendix). The current proportion could be seen to show the descending pattern over the timeframe. Further, the speedy proportion has been seen as 0.34, 0.36, 0.35 occasions (Appendix). The diminishing pattern in current proportion suggests corruption in the liquidity position of the organization. In any case, the current proportion of the organization is still superior to that of its rival. Harvey Norman has current proportion of 1.26 occasions which is lower than the companys current proportion of 1.64 occasions. Effectiveness The estimation of effectiveness identifies with the evaluation of administrations proficiency concerning use of benefits. The proportions, for example, receivables days, payable days, and resources turnover have been figured for this reason (Tracy, 2012). The receivable days have been seen as 7, 8, and 9 days for 2014, 2015, and 2016. The receivable days are indicating a smidgen increment which is unfriendly for the organization in light of the fact that the assets are being tied for longer time now. The payable days have been seen as 33, 32, and 36. The expansion in payable days is great for the organization since now organization is getting more credit period from the providers. The advantage turnover proportion is likewise demonstrating descending pattern. The proportion tumbled from 4.05 occasions in 2014 to 3.99 occasions in 2016 (Appendix). The abatement in the advantage turnover proportion shows corruption in the administrations effectiveness with respect to usage of the benef its ideally. Equipping/Solvency The outfitting or dissolvability suggests the companys capacity to meet the drawn out obligation commitments on schedule. For this reason, the obligation value proportion and obligation to resource proportions are viewed as appropriate to assess. The obligation to value proportion surveys the obligation propionate to value and obligation to resource proportion evaluates complete resources financed by obligation reserves (Tracy, 2012). On account of JB Hi-Fi, the obligation to value proportion has been seen as 1.92, 1.60, and 1.46 occasions for the money related years 2014, 2015, and 2016 separately. It could be seen that obligation to value proportion is diminishing over the period which shows decrease in the danger of dissolvability. Further, the obligation to resource proportion is likewise seen to be diminishing. In the year 2014, it was 0.66 occasions and went down to 0.59 occasions in the year 2016 (informative supplement). The obligation value proportion of Harvey Norman is 0.08 occasions which is route lower than that of the organization (Morningstar, 2017). Subsequently, it could be gathered that the organization is bearing more dissolvability hazard than the contender. End From the conversation in the report, it could be enunciated that the money related execution of JB Hi-Fi is moderate. The organization is developing at a moderate pace. The income and net benefits are expanding yet at moderate pace. Further, on specific boundaries the organization is falling behind its rival. The net edge of organization is lower than the contender. Further, the obligation to value proportion of the organization is higher than the contender which delineates high dissolvability chance for the organization. In any case, the way that organization has obtained one of its rivals to be specific Good Guys could give motivation to financial specialists to make interest in the companys shares. The obtaining of Good Guys is anticipated to have positive effect on the money related execution of the organization. In this manner, it is prescribed to the financial specialists to make interest in the companys shares from the transient point of view. References Berry, P. 2016. JB Hi-Fi takes showcase lead with Good Guys. [Online]. Accessible at: https://www.news.com.au/account/business/breaking-news/jb-hifi-gets the-heroes/report/a181998df6d2f1f797fa2f8d28ab3f6d [Accessed on: 17 May 2017]. JB Hi-Fi. 2016. Yearly report of JB Hi-Fi Limited for 2016. [Online]. Accessible at: https://www.jbhifi.com.au/Documents/2016%20JB%20Hi-Fi%20Annual%20Report_ASX.pdf [Accessed on: 17 May 2017]. Morningstar. 2017. Harvey Norman Holdings Ltd. [Online]. Accessible at: https://financials.morningstar.com/proportions/r.html?t=HVN [Accessed on: 17 May 2017]. Needles, B.E., Powers, M., and Crosson, S.V. 2013. Budgetary and Managerial Accounting. Cengage Learning. PWC. 2017. 2017 Retail drifts. [Online]. Accessible at: https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/pattern/2017-retail-patterns [Accessed on: 17 May 2017]. Tracy, A. 2012. Proportion Analysis Fundamentals: How 17 Financial Ratios Can Allow You to Analyze Any Business on the Planet. RatioAnalysis.net.

Computer Security and Biometrics Research Paper

PC Security and Biometrics - Research Paper Example It is obviously obvious from the conversation that because of intermittent mechanical turns of events, data and correspondence innovation every now and again occupies in new measurements. The innovative work with regards to data and correspondence innovation is powerful. Additionally, the new and propelled type of innovation has likewise encouraged vulnerabilities and dangers to be increasingly astute. Associations require propelled assurance and security from these dangers and vulnerabilities. So as to ensure data resources, associations stress on actualizing legitimate and physical controls to secure and make sure about authoritative resources. Security issues can prompt a wide range of viewpoints. For instance, if the server containing client information is penetrated, association will lose its believability and trust among the client and that will bring about business misfortune. So also, if a basic framework is hacked by inward or outside sources, organization’s monetary information alongside objectives and destinations can be uncovered to different contenders. For making sure about intelligent and physical dangers, associations execute firewalls to send bundle separating, disposing of infections and malevolent codes, interruption discovery framework to constantly detect the conduct of the system, biometric frameworks for physical confirmation of representatives, occurrence reaction groups to recuperate the misfortune on prompt premise and IP cameras to screen their basic data resources on the system. Framework Security according to (Dhillon 451), there are three sorts of controls that will address the three frameworks for example formal, casual and specialized. Case of every last one of these is shown as: Formal control: Modifying association structure Informal control: Security mindfulness Technical control: Restricting unapproved get to Formal controls give help to specialized controls, as they oversee and address issues of honesty in application and information that may prompt high hazard and cost. Similarly, so as to oversee formal controls, task of occupations and obligations is imperative, as this assignment of obligations and duties will set arrangement with business goals. Formal controls are related with the board perspective that will convey vital security the board rehearses. The security the board will choose representatives from all branches of the association where vital. Besides, the security the board will address information assurance enactments, security reviews, administrative consistence, lawful and protection issues, recruiting rules for workers, unfortunate behavior, hazard evaluation, occurrence the executives and reaction and so on. Casual controls are related with security mindfulness programs considered as the financially savvy apparatus used to mindful representatives for ‘do’s and don’ts’ while getting to information or data assets. As hazard condition is continually chan ging, a far reaching instruction and security mindfulness program is critical that will lead occasional mindfulness meetings for new representatives, or new innovation or any important hazard that should be tended to. Subsequently, the security mindfulness program ought to be considered as a ‘common conviction system’ (Dhillon 451). Ultimately, the specialized control that isn't constrained to verification of a client alongside doling out legitimate rights on an application or working framework. So as to apply privacy to information, encryption, hashing, encoding techniques are received by association. Moreover, keen card is the most famous one (Dhillon 451). In addition,

A Jamaican music Essay Example For Students

A Jamaican music Essay A Jamaican music class which started from the otherwise known as and soared. The word reggae implies clothes, worn out. This additionally mean battered move music. The music style of reggae has an unconventional beat, timed, and staccato harmonies. Reggae music use additionally stringed instruments like guitar, bass and piano. For the percussion, reggae use catch drums and tomato drums. Horns are additionally utilized like the saxophone, trumpet and trombone. A portion of the verses of reggae talk about affection and some of the time about applauding God. There were verses composed to bring cognizance up in cross section issues and national bigotry. Instances of reggae melody: 1 . Since a long time ago Shot Kick The Buckets by the Pioneers 2. Roots Rock Reggae by Bob Marble 3. The Harder They Come by Jimmy Cliff Punk methods tenderfoot or fledgling It is an awesome music created during the ass. It was begun from the carport rock and pronouns music. Punk music just uses straightforward tune and basic harmonies. Verses intermittently relate to political and social issues. Instruments utilized are guitars, piano and drums. In hard rock music, electric guitar is featured. Instances of hard rock music: 1 . Flight of stairs To Heaven and Whole Lotto Love by Led Zeppelin 2. Suspicious by Black Sabbath Glam Rock Sometimes alluded to as glitz rock. A melodic style where entertainers wear breathtaking and lavish ensembles, overwhelming otherwise known as up and hairdo. It has different melodic styles. The music is performed with different styles running from Hollywood marvelousness, sci-fi and dream impacts, to otherworldliness and folklore. Not many of the well known glitz rock and performers: 1. Eastman and Life on Mars by David Bowie 2. Blockbuster by The Sweet Progressive Rock Also known as Prop and is additionally alluded to as traditional stone. This style of music is started from United Kingdom. Dynamic music don't follow the formal well known arrangement of section theme stanza kind of sythesis. This style got well known during the ass. Well known names related with prop music are: 1. Pink Flood 2. Jotter Tulle 3. The Moody Blues 4. Emerson Palmer Heavy Metal Another class of exciting music that created during the late ass to early ass. Substantial metal groups produce a sounds that are monstrous, thick, and portrayed by profoundly enhanced twisting, unequivocal mood, and for the most part boisterous sounds. The verses and execution style are regularly connected with manliness and animosity. Some celebrated overwhelming metal specialists and their mainstream works: 1 . Flight of stairs To Heaven by Led Zeppelin 2. Smoke on The Water by Deep Purple 3. Fight and Fuel by Metallic

A Life Changing Story - Free Essay Example

Apple Speech June 10, 2010 On September 20, 2002 I bought my first classic pink iPod. On October of 2005, I bought my first iPod Nano in yellow. Last summer, I bought my first laptop computer, the Macbook Pro, and my first iPod touch. Wow! I have shared many of my first experiences with Apple and I am your loyal customer, and I, Ana Plascencia, am truly honored to be given the opportunity to address you (the men and women) who have contributed to the success of the Apple and who have contributed to my success in high school. Lets face it your ingenious technology assisted me with my homework and research projects, allowed me to compose my own music, and allowed me to gain exposure to the outside world. You are the greatest innovators in the world, and you have been important to me because simply through your products you helped me succeed through high school and you have helped me make some of my dreams come true. From an early age my mother inspired me to use values such as passion, perseverance, and discipline to make my dreams a reality. My mother always says that the mind puts limits on one’s dreams, but the heart has the power to overcome those limits and make those dreams come true. I have seen, in my mother and myself, this power of will to persevere and to strive to be greater than one thinks they can be. But I have also come to realize the deeper and truer meaning of my mother’s saying. My mother emigrated from Mexico and raised me by herself with little education and little understanding of the English language. I believe strength and love motivated her as she worked three jobs, seven days a week earning no more than nine twenty-five an hour. At the age of six, I began to work several times a week at restaurants and community events as a Mariachi singer thanks to an uncle of mine who taught me how to play this great music from an early age. I performed for several hours during the weekends, earning as much as fifty dollars an hour, in order to help my mother make ends meet for the both of us. I loved Mariachi music then and still do now. But as I look back, I’m am struck by key values such as working diligently and disciplinarily, along with the power of knowledge – a power of the mind – that also enabled me to help support my family even from a young age. As I grew older, I saw that my mother, too, recognized that passion and working diligently were important, but by themselves they were not enough to fulfill one’s dreams. Along with passion and hard work, she believed the power of knowledge was a crucial key to realizing one’s goals. She worked very hard so that I could go to school, to study, so that I might accomplish my dreams. But my mother and I didn’t have the same vision at that time. I thought that by working and being focused on making money I could easily help support my mother. But my mother had bigger dreams for me; she knew that an education was crucial for my future. She knew that I needed to have an education to open new doors and have the opportunities she didn’t have. Of course this tension between my mother’s dreams for herself and her dreams for me was not something I reflected upon until later. My mother also instilled in me a dedication to my family and my community. Therefore at Mitty I got involved because it is was important for me to explore and take advantage of the opportunities offered at Mitty. I was president of the Latin American Student Union, which enabled me to celebrate and share the diverse Latin American cultures with the Mitty community. I was also a Mitty ambassador and an active member of campus ministry. In my local community, my passion for helping younger generations develop and strengthen their skills in reading lead me to co-found the S. T. A. R. S. reading program where I tutor children from low-income families and ignite in them the love for learning. Attending Mitty gave me the confidence to co-fund this program and help make a difference in a child’s life, who through reading obtained confidence and a power of knowledge. My dedication for serving my community and my passion for learning have successfully transformed me into the young lady I am today. Today, this young lady that stands before you just graduated a few weeks ago from Archbishop Mitty High School, thanks to a scholarship that awarded me with the opportunity to attend a college-preparatory institution. The young lady that stands before you is a now a proud woman who will be the first in her family to attend college and who will be attending Wellesley College in Massachusetts this upcoming fall to obtain a dual degree in biochemistry and biomedical engineering so that I may train to become a medical doctor. My dream to become a doctor began when I started volunteering at the Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, and was touched after a special incident. During mid-July of 2008, I was handed a set of personal history questions and asked to interview Spanish-speaking patients. I wasn’t worried about having to translate because I expected the questions to be rather basic, but they were deeply serious. The patient I interviewed was Mrs. G. Mrs. G was a forty-five-year old, obese, Hispanic woman suffering from diabetes. The first few questions were neutral enough, but then I translated, â€Å"have you attempted or have thought of attempting suicide because of your health condition? † To my surprise, Mrs. G said, â€Å"Yes. † Then I had to ask Mrs. G if her health condition made her feel useless, insignificant, or invaluable, and again she responded, â€Å"Yes†. Suddenly her face was covered with a flood of tears, and she began to plead for my help. She wanted me, a fifteen-year-old girl, to help her restore not only her health, but also her faith in life. At that moment I became frustrated and upset. I felt useless. I felt insignificant. The only thing I knew to do was to give her a hug and tell her with all my heart that everything was going to be okay. But I knew that was not enough. How could I restore her desire to live if I didn’t have the knowledge or skills to make her healthy? Ever since this incident I felt powerless. The idea that I could help and make a difference in an individual’s life through being a doctor was exciting. But at that moment I also understood I didn’t just wanted to be a doctor, I wanted to travel the world and offer pro bono healthcare to people who lacked the resources. I also wanted to be a doctor who gives inspiration and desires of hope. I believe that with this education I can follow my heart and be truly useful to my family and my community. If you had met me 5 to 6 years ago, my accomplishments would not have seemed possible or even realistic because I lacked the confidence to believe that a single individual can lead and change the world, especially if that individual was a minority with little money. Now I understand that I am as capable as anyone else to become a leader for my community and I have the power to transform the world I live in. All of you present here today, are successful  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬(businessmen and businesswoman) you have realized some of your dreams and have overcame all obstacles to achieve your success. I know that the journey you had to experience to achieve success was difficult, but you have an education, an extraordinary job, and a great future ahead of you. More importantly I feel honored to stand before men and women who have the power to affect so many lives through the Apple products. In all you are, and all you must have done to be where you are, you have the power to make a difference in people’s lives. Don’t limit yourself; and try to be the best you can be because you have the opportunity to continue to deepen your knowledge, achieve personal growth, and make a difference in your communities. You see, just four years ago, I was given the opportunity to change my life by attending Mitty, but I was naive and close-minded. I was afraid. I was afraid that by attending Mitty and striving to follow a different path than my neighborhood friends, I would have to leave behind my identity and betray my culture. I was afraid of being successful because in the neighborhood I grew up in, Mexicans never amounted to anything important which caused me to believe that I would fail like everyone around me did. I truly lost a sense of who I was and who I wanted to be. It may come as a surprise to you, but during middle school I was involved with gangs. Although I wanted to run away from the neighborhood I grew up in and I wanted to change who I was at that time, I was afraid that I could never become a better person. I had big dreams, but I was afraid that I would always be that person somehow. But in the end I realized that my past didn’t have to define me and that I could change today and be the person I wanted to be. I realized I couldn’t let this opportunity go away and that I at least had to try to change. In the end I realized that because of my fear I was creating excuses and setting limitations for myself, but that in order to grow, I needed to find the courage to overcome my fears. Many of you may be wondering, what motivated me to leave behind my fears and pursue a different path? What motivated me to overcome by own limitations? My family was a key factor, but I was most enlightened to change my path after a visit to Guadalajara, Mexico. A few weeks before the deadline for registration at Mitty, I traveled to Mexico during the summer. During my trip, I was shocked by the poor conditions my family members lived in. In my families’ nearby ranchitos (small towns), I saw children walking barefooted with ripped clothing begging on the dirt road in the rural countryside. As I saw the look of the children’s faces, I began to picture myself as the child begging on the dirt road. At the moment I understood why my mother worked as hard as she did and encouraged me to strive for greatness. At that moment I began to appreciate the food, the shelter, and the life my mother provided for me in the U. S. My trip to Guadalajara also taught me to value education. In the rural countryside in Guadalajara, I met an older cousin named Roxana; she is the second youngest of her six siblings. At the time, she had graduated from high school 3 years ago, but had to abandon her dream of becoming a physician because her family lacked the financial resources to pay for college. Roxana sacrificed her own dream to help her family survive. Once I heard my cousin’s story I felt insignificant. I felt ashamed of who I was at the time and how I was wasting my life because I knew that my cousin would have given everything she had to have the opportunities I did. At that point, I felt as if God was purposely rescuing me and offering me a second chance by blessing me with the scholarship. Almost instantly, my anxiety and fears washed away and I was ready to join the Mitty Monarch family. Well you may be wondering if my cousin ended up accomplishing her dream, and she did. After dedicating herself four years to work for the survival of her family, Roxana was awarded with a four-year scholarship that enabled her to pursue her dream. The hunger Roxana demonstrated to break free from the cycle of poverty, motivated me to also break free from my past and attend Mitty. My experience at Mitty was one of the most difficult experiences of my life. When I began my education at Mitty I was not very good at speaking English. I was an outcast. I entered a new environment where I experienced a culture shock because more than 56% of the student body was white and only 10% was Hispanic at that current time. In addition I didn’t know anyone, I wasn’t catholic, I didn’t know the rules, and I felt imprisoned in a complete different world where it was hard adjusting emotionally, physically, and mentally. After spending the first month eating in a bathroom stall and preventing myself from integrating into the Mitty community, I said enough and I found the courage to break my shell. I had to work hard everyday and even though I grew tired of having to fit in and adjust to the workload, I couldn’t let anything or anyone stop me. I was given an opportunity to become an educated and well-rounded person, and how could I not do it, I couldn’t let myself down. Despite the rigid workload and the many sleepless nights, Mitty truly transformed my entire life. I am intellectually competent and a leader of the Mitty community, but I am also a young lady who is passionate for social justice. In my four-year experience at Mitty, many didn’t believe I would make it. Many didn’t believe I even deserved to be given an opportunity such as attending a private high school with a full ride. Thanks to the support of my teachers, my counselors, my principal, and friends, I learned to believe in myself and that was all I needed to continue to fight. I am greater than I ever thought I could be, and I know I ill continue to grow as I begin a new stage of my life in college. If I am successful, it is my heartfelt belief that my success will be by some combination of heart and mind. Passion and love may drive the values of sacrifice, hard work, and dedication, but insight, thought and knowledge will focus those values into the actions needed to realize my goals. Insight, thought, and knowledge along with hard work and dedication are values th at have helped you realize your own goals. You work in an extraordinary environment where your work each day transforms the world we live in. You are leading the way towards a future full of opportunities and new discoveries. My only wish is that from my speech today you remember two things. First, take advantage of the limitless opportunities Apple offers. These opportunities will allow you to deepen your knowledge, realize your greater potential, and become empowered to not only to achieve the seemingly impossible, but also achieve personal balance in your overall success. You are all already successful businessmen and businesswomen, but don’t feel afraid to take an extra step to find new, innovative ways to contribute to Apple. And finally, I feel privileged to have shared my story with such a special breed of people who can make such a difference because of all of the opportunities you have that others don’t. I think you have power and you can pay it forward to others in our society. Look at how my life changed because one school believed in me and took a chance, and each one of you has the power to do the same. This is why I am so excited to be here with you, you are truly the greatest innovators in the world, and you can do whatever you set your mind to because you have the power. Thank you.

Animal Rights And Human Rights - 1808 Words

The idea that animals have rights seems to be heavily agreed on by a large majority of scholars whom have studied this topic. However, what comes into question is understanding the severity and range of these rights. How do we determine the level of animal rights? How do we understand animal rights in relation to human rights? This paper aims to address these questions by showing that animals have the basic rights to live a life without harm, but cannot have equal rights to humans because of our dependence on them and their inability to reason and communicate with humans. Let’s start with how humans think and then we will create a connection between human and emotion and how animals feel. Humans are sentient beings, meaning they feel a wide range of emotions, including happiness and pain. In general, we try to fill our lives with as much happiness as possible while avoiding pain whenever we can. Peter Singer, a lifetime philosopher and advocate of animal rights, states that animals are sentient beings as well (Singer 33). This means that animals have the same interests in living a life of happiness and void of pain, just as humans do. Assuming Singer’s statement to be true, we can now state that animals feel happiness and pain, just as humans do. Now that we know that animals feel happiness and pain, we will show that humans should not put animals through unnecessary pain. One of the hallmarks of human rights is that one human should never harm another. When this right isShow MoreRelatedAnimal Rights And Human Rights923 Words   |  4 Pages Animal Rights â€Å"Nearly as many, 68 percent, were concerned or very concerned about the well-being of animals used in ‘sports’ or contests as well as animals in laboratories (67 percent) (Kretzer, 1).† Many people question whether an animal is capable of thought and emotions. 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In my case, I believe that is not the only solution, for animals to be safe people need to realize it’s their fault animals are put through suffrage. Animal’s lives are put on the line due to the actions of human beings. Animals do not need rights to be protected. Human beings needRead MoreShould Animals Be Granted The Rights And Protection Of Humans?1152 Words   |  5 PagesIf animals are so different from humans, then why should they be granted the rights and protection of humans as stated in our Constitution (Hurley, 1999, p. 49)? As the Bible states in Genesis 1:26, â€Å"And God said... Let them [human beings] have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth,†(â€Å"ProCon.org†, 2015). Mankind has rule over animals, to respect them a nd love them, but also to use them as necessary (Harnack, 1996). The American

What Extent Do Liberals Support Democracy - 712 Words

To what extent do liberals support democracy (45 marks) Democracy is the ultimate political form of ideological liberalism. It refers to the ideal form of state, and is common to both classical and modern liberals. In the 19th century, liberals often saw democracy as threatening or dangerous. Political theorists such as Plato and Aristotle viewed democracy as being a system of rule at the expense of wisdom and property. The principle that the will of the majority should prevail over the minority may have negative effects. In Northern Ireland, a very divided religious country, if the 51% get their way, the other 49% will be in outrage. Democracy thus comes down to the rule of the 51%, as French politician Alexis De Tocqueville†¦show more content†¦Therefor although citizens may vote for a leader, they will then make decisions based on a small number of peoples view for the majority of the people. The minority ruling the majority. However a reason why liberals support democracy is that it shows each individual is equal- one vote per person, gives everyone equal influence on how countries governed. Since voting is done individually, it constraints the collective pressures of groups within society. To conclude, liberals are now staunch advocates of democracy as it provides personal development, consent and all individuals are equal. Modern liberals embrace democracy, but only in the specific liberal form. They reject other forms of democracy, which may be less pluralist or more participatory, as downrightShow MoreRelated The Rise of Universal Liberal Values? Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rise of Universal Liberal Values? Democracy is one thing, and constitutional liberalism quite another. In the inexorable march of modernity, Fareed Zakaria argues in The Rise of Illiberal Democracy, the message of constitutional liberalism has gotten lost in the clamor for democracy. This is problematic because, without a strong foundation of pluralism and constitutional liberalism, the apparatus of democracy can easily be hijacked by forces that hardly espouse the liberal values that have, inRead MoreMulticulturalism : Is It A Issue?1735 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years multiculturalism has fast become a pressing issue in our modern world. Especially in the western world where liberal democracy is embraced as the dominant philosophy. As Globalization occurs the borders between countries previously writ in stone are now blurred. Globalization has increased the inter-connectedness of our world. The world appears to have become smaller. Mankind as a species has become more interconnected than ever before, due to te chnological advancements, such as theRead MoreIs Islam a Religion of Peace?1879 Words   |  7 Pagesimplied that Islam, as a religion, is opposed to warfare, extremism and terrorist activities. 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Modern liberalism developed around 1870 as a result of both philosophical and practical changes, including mass industrialisation. Classical liberals argue that modern liberalism has broken the principles of doctrines central to liberal thought whilst modern liberals claim that they are simply adaptingRead MoreThere Are Many Theoretical Perspectives Used When Examining1646 Words   |  7 Pagesexamines all of the influence that impact the dec isions made within the international system and better represents the emotions and personal agendas of the state. Liberalism can be considered a combination of constructivism and realism.It takes democracy into account and examines the dynamics through all 3 levels of analysis. The downfall of liberalism is it feels like a westernized approach to international politics, so it might hurt a less westernized country by making the country seem weak becauseRead MoreAustralias System of Democracy857 Words   |  3 PagesIn reference to the Australia’s system of democracy, the pluralist theory of the state portrays the distribution of political power accurately in comparison to its rival theories, being Marxism and elitism. However, the theory faces certain limitations within the Australian political system. In order to thoroughly answer the question I will firstly start off by stating what the theory of pluralism entails by discussing the pluralist views of power. Secondly, I will highlight the characteristicsRead MoreThe United States As A Democracy1344 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States is usually recognized as a liberal and ideal place to live by most people and countries because of their development of their single most powerful form of government, democracy. The very citizens of the United States believe that it is in their hands to influence all order and management of their beloved and praised country, however, the realism in this system has been blinded by their own people. The United States, though it may seem like a democracy because it emphasizes delegating popularRead MoreNational Security Strategy for a New Era1471 Words   |  6 Pagesis in many ways similar to what it was following the Vietnam War. Then as is now, there are concerns over the misuse and overreaching of military force. As well, today’s economic dispair mimics that of the inflation that gripped the nation in the 1970’s and 1980’s (Snow, 2014, p. 5). Left unidentified is a comprehensive strategy for United States national security. What are the priorities for American national security today, and how can they effectively be met? What are the overarching goals of

Nursing practice for the assessment of pain - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Nursing practice for the assessment of pain. Answer: Introduction Intubation refers to the medical procedure that in false insertion of a tube inside the body of a patient. Management of the airways is a commonly performed process in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), which results in emergency and planned intubation in critically ill patients (Griesdale et al., 2012). Moderate to severe pain is a common health disturbance experienced by most patients in the ICU. Inadequate assessment and management of pain among these patients increases the rates of mortality and morbidity (Alderson Mckechnie, 2013). Therefore, this topic has been selected for analysis in order to identify the best nursing practices that can reduce pain among intubated patients, thereby improving their health outcomes. Discussion Critical Evaluation The study conducted by Ayasrah et al., (2014) focused on identifying the pain indicators and their effectiveness. One major advantage is that it considered patients who were adults and were placed under mechanical ventilation for a minimum time period of 72 hours, to prevent misleading results. Owing to the fact that critically ill patients are often unable to decide for themselves and lose the power of speech, the researchers demonstrated a correct step in obtaining consent from their family members, who acted as the decision makers (Schenker et al., 2012). Furthermore, categorization of the collected medical records on the basis of non observable, and observable indicators and response to pain treatment was an accurate step. Using SPSS software package gave exact percentage and frequencies for all pain related indicators (Kanda, 2013). It suggested that use of recognised pain scale is the most essential nursing practice that needs to be implemented in ICU. However, major limitation s were associated with consideration of only three hospitals, which might have contributed to a selection bias (Elwert Winship, 2014). In addition, failure to include information on the methods that are implemented for obtaining self reports of pain was another drawback. On the other hand another systematic review conducted by Varndell, Fry Elliott (2017) examined suitability and psychometric properties of pain instruments for using non verbal critically ill patients. Use of key search terms and inclusion of 26 studies for the review was also adequate. Using the critical appraisal skills program (CASP) helped in systematically examining the reliability, trustworthiness and relevance of the articles (Zeng et al., 2015). Inclusion of studies conducted across various countries assisted in eliminating selection or population bias (Mangin et al., 2012). Furthermore, assessing the reliability and validity of all instruments mentioned in this study provided comprehensive results. 1 major advantage of the review can be related to identification of 5 observational pain assessment tools, namely, CPOT, BPS, PAINAD, FLACC and NVPS (Stites, 2013). Furthermore, it also emphasized on use of appropriate observational pain assessment tools to improve its management for intubated adult patients in ICU. Strongest evidence for the use of CPOT increases its importance in nursing practice (Herr et al., 2012). However, some drawbacks were associated with data extraction being carried out by one author, variation in detail and quality of description of the instruments, and exclusion of un-reported researches. Additionally, a cohort study conducted by Rijkenberg et al., (2015) compared the validity and reliability of the CPOT (Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool) and BPS (Behavioral Pain Scale) pain observation tools up on mechanically ventilated patients in ICU. Inclusion of adult patients who had been in ICU for more than 12 hours, under mechanical ventilation and inability to self report the pain status was a correct method owing to previous findings with suggested success of CPOT and BPS in assessing pain (Keane, 2013). Data extraction using patient clinical information helped in providing accurate medical records. Training the ICU nurses to use the 2 pain assessment tools helped them to gain a sound understanding of the procedure. Using SPSS software and Cronbachs coefficient was also an accurate step (Bonett Wright, 2015). The results suggested that CPOT is a more preferable tool. However some limitations are associated with failure to blind the nurses to the study, completion of BP S first that could affect data, small number of patients in final analysis and failure to translate and validate the two instruments in Dutch, which might have contributed to misleading results (Hrbjartsson et al., 2012) (Marshall et al., 2013). Critical observation Health assessment is usually regarded as the first phase in nursing practice where nurses are expected to use their clinical expertise and knowledge to express care for their clients (Shehabi et al., 2012). Pain is a common experience among intubated patients in the ICU, and gets aggravated by factors such as invasive procedure, stage of health disorder and surgical intervention (Herr et al., 2012). It acts as a source of suffering and creates a long-term imprint on such patients. During my clinical placement, I had been selected to work with post -operative patients on intubation, in the ICU. Most of the patients were under continuous infusion of analgesics and sedatives. There were 2 patients in ICU, following an operation for intestinal obstruction. Nasogastric intubation was administered to the patients for nutritional support and aspiration of the stomach contents. However, I found them to be extremely restless and demonstrated non-compliance with the intubation tube. This significantly increased their pressure. The patients were found to move to their extremities restlessly and also showed facial grimaces. Initially, with the help of a co-worker I tried to reassure the patients by talking to them. However, their gestures suggested that they were facing physical discomfort due to severe abdominal pain. I immediately notified it to the ICU doctor and raised my concern that absence of adequate pain management techniques could be the reason for their restlessness and agitation. The doctor agreed on the possibility and instructed the nurse-in-charge to assess their pain. Extensive study of literature, has worked towards establishing the reliability of CPOT on assessing pain in ICU patients (Buttes et al., 2014). The nurse was found to use the CPOT tool and she began observing their facial expressions and body movements. She also recorded their comp liance with the intubation and scored it as per the scale provided. I observed the nurse to move the patient's arms and recorded the level of resistance that was displayed, following the advice by the senior RN. Furthermore, the body and facial indicators of pain were also recorded, while turning the patients on their sites. This was followed by adding up all the scores which helped the nurse to determine the total score for both the patients. While in one patient had a score of 6, the other had a total score of 8. High scores in both the patients indicated that they were suffering from severe pain and needed immediate pharmacological or non pharmacological intervention. Thus, my critical observation suggests that the nurse demonstrated an accurate practice as CPOT tool has been recommended by research studies, for the assessment of pain severity among non-verbal and critically ill patients (Linde et al., 2013). Adherence of the concerned nurse to the best practice can be further illustrated by the fact that evaluation of muscle tension, body movement, facial expression and compliance has been identified as the best parameters that can determine severity of pain, according to international c linical guidelines (Buttes et al., 2014). Thus, the placement helped in establishing the fact that pain assessment and its measurement is major vital sign that needs to be recorded in nursing practice in order to improve health outcomes of patients. Conclusion To conclude, it can be stated that pain assessment is crucial to implementation of optimal pain management interventions. Critical evaluation of the three articles and the reflection during clinical placement emphasizes on the use of CPOT tool in assessing pain among critically ill patients, under incubation in Intensive Care units. This will help in measuring the severity of the ear pain and administer appropriate pharmacological or non pharmacological interventions. References Alderson, S. M., Mckechnie, S. R. (2013). Unrecognised, undertreated, pain in ICUcauses, effects, and how to do better. Open Journal of Nursing, 3(01), 108. Ayasrah, S. M., ONeill, T. M., Abdalrahim, M. S., Sutary, M. M., Kharabsheh, M. S. (2014). Pain assessment and management in critically ill intubated patients in Jordan: a prospective study. International journal of health sciences, 8(3), 287 Bonett, D. G., Wright, T. A. (2015). Cronbach's alpha reliability: Interval estimation, hypothesis testing, and sample size planning. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 3-15. Buttes, P., Keal, G., Cronin, S. N., Stocks, L., Stout, C. (2014). Validation of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool in adult critically ill patients. Dimensions of Critical Care Nursing, 33(2), 78-81. Elwert, F., Winship, C. (2014). Endogenous selection bias: The problem of conditioning on a collider variable. Annual Review of Sociology, 40, 31-53. Griesdale, D. E., Liu, D., McKinney, J., Choi, P. T. (2012). Glidescope video-laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for endotracheal intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthsie, 59(1), 41-52. Herr, K., Bursch, H., Ersek, M., Miller, L. L., Swafford, K. (2012). Use of pain-behavioral assessment tools in the nursing home: expert consensus recommendations for practice. Journal of gerontological nursing, 36(3), 18-29. Hrbjartsson, A., Thomsen, A. S. S., Emanuelsson, F., Tendal, B., Hilden, J., Boutron, I., ... Brorson, S. (2012). Observer bias in randomised clinical trials with binary outcomes: systematic review of trials with both blinded and non-blinded outcome assessors. Bmj, 344, e1119. Kanda, Y. (2013). Investigation of the freely available easy-to-use software EZRfor medical statistics. Bone marrow transplantation, 48(3), 452. Keane, K. M. (2013). Validity and reliability of the critical care pain observation tool: a replication study. Pain Management Nursing, 14(4), e216-e225. Linde, S. M., Badger, J. M., Machan, J. T., Beaudry, J., Brucker, A., Martin, K., ... Roy, R. D. N. (2013). Reevaluation of the critical-care pain observation tool in intubated adults after cardiac surgery.American Journal of Critical Care,22(6), 491-497. Mangin, B., Siberchicot, A., Nicolas, S., Doligez, A., This, P., Cierco-Ayrolles, C. (2012). Novel measures of linkage disequilibrium that correct the bias due to population structure and relatedness. Heredity, 108(3), 285-291. Marshall, B., Cardon, P., Poddar, A., Fontenot, R. (2013). Does sample size matter in qualitative research?: A review of qualitative interviews in IS research. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 54(1), 11-22. Rijkenberg, S., Stilma, W., Endeman, H., Bosman, R. J., Oudemans-van Straaten, H. M. (2015). Pain measurement in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: behavioral pain scale versus critical-care pain observation tool. Journal of critical care, 30(1), 167-172. Rose, L., Haslam, L., Dale, C., Knechtel, L., McGillion, M. (2013). Behavioral pain assessment tool for critically ill adults unable to self-report pain. American Journal of Critical Care, 22(3), 246-255. Schenker, Y., Crowley-Matoka, M., Dohan, D., Tiver, G. A., Arnold, R. M., White, D. B. (2012). I dont want to be the one saying we should just let him die: intrapersonal tensions experienced by surrogate decision makers in the ICU. Journal of general internal medicine, 27(12), 1657-1665. Shehabi, Y., Bellomo, R., Reade, M. C., Bailey, M., Bass, F., Howe, B., ... Sedation Practice in Intensive Care Evaluation (SPICE) Study Investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group. (2012). Early intensive care sedation predicts long-term mortality in ventilated critically ill patients. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 186(8), 724-731. Stites, M. (2013). Observational pain scales in critically ill adults. Critical care nurse, 33(3), 68-78. Varndell, W., Fry, M., Elliott, D. (2017). A systematic review of observational pain assessment instruments for use with nonverbal intubated critically ill adult patients in the emergency department: an assessment of their suitability and psychometric properties. Journal of clinical nursing, 26(1-2), 7-32. Zeng, X., Zhang, Y., Kwong, J. S., Zhang, C., Li, S., Sun, F., ... Du, L. (2015). The methodological quality assessment tools for preclinical and clinical studies, systematic review and meta?analysis, and clinical practice guideline: a systematic review. Journal of evidence-based medicine, 8(1), 2-10.

Racism Essays (928 words) - Discrimination, Hatred, Racism

Racism English 4 Mrs. Simmons Throughout my life I have usually been on the receiving end of racist comments. In eighth grade I had to go to a public school because of moving reasons, and that is where the comments started. I could honestly say that it was the worst experience in my life. Their were only two oriental kids in my class, I was one of them. The other kid was also Korean, but the catch there was that he was a well known football player. I also played football, but I wasn't the all-pro quarter back. Since he was so good and so well know no one ever said a word to him. The first day at Richland(the name of the school which I went to) everyone was nice to me. The first couple days were great ; Everyone was so friendly and willing to accept me. Going into the second week I met this girl Amber, she was beautiful. I was sitting at the lunch table one day and she walked by and I commented on how hot she was. One kid, who I thought was my friend, said, "Since you are new here, I will let that go." I responded, "What do you mean?" Chad said, "I like Amber also, and whoever I like no one tries stepping in, do you understand?" "Whatever dude...", I said. Chad said, "Now Page 2 listen, I like you and it is better off that way." So naturally I did what I wanted to do, I asked Amber for her number. That weekend Amber and I went out on a date. I sure did have a good time. That following Monday, Chad heard about the date and flipped out. Just after second period I heard someone yell, "HEY CHINK, YOU ARE GOING TO DIE!!!!" I sort of had an idea who said it, but I just ignored it and kept walking. A second later someone pushes me to the floor. I turned around and Chad was standing there. Chad said, "I warned you, you slanted eye piece of shit." I naturally backed off because it wasn't worth fighting about. From that point on everyone considered me the "Wimp who can't stand up for himself." For the rest of the year my life was a living hell. The only time anyone talked to me is when someone would make a racist comment. Half way through football season I quit because I was treated like crap from my fellow football members and coach. Later on that year a kid named Matt Flynn made a racial comment. I was in such a bad mood so I punched him in the face. The fight was broken up right away, and we were both sent to the principal's office. When we got there, I was the one that was punished and Matt was left off with no punishment. I found out later that week that the principal was racist against Asian people. I had no idea what to do, so I just left it go and Page 3 told no one. Both my parents and the school guidance counselor noticed that I was having some problems. I refused to tell anyone what was a matter, and I told everyone just to leave me alone. That was the first time that I ever contemplated suicide. I felt like I was the most worthless thing in the world. I didn't know what to do. I was not only having problems in school, I was also having family problems. I heard my parents say things about me that I thought I would never hear in my life. Later that night I sat in my room with my dad's 357 pistol. The gun was loaded and I contemplated why should I not kill myself, I had every reason to. Then I started thinking about who in my life really cared. Memories of my father and I going hunting, the good times my cousin Greg and I had together, and the things that my two brothers, Ben and Dave, have done for me. About a month later, I looked at everyone that pick on me. I noticed that the kids, I went to school with at Richland, were totally ignorant about racism. The kids at Richland were never taught what discrimination could do to someone, mentally and physically. In the world today, their are a variety of stereotypes put on all races. Ignorance is the origin of these stereotypes. Kids today should be educated

Hey You!

Hey You! Hey You! Hey You! By Maeve Maddox Puleen Patel wonders about the appropriateness of hey as a greeting: I see most people online and offline address each other more and more by saying Hey David and so on. Is this correct? Is this a new thing? I always remembered addressing (and being addressed) as Hi David or Hi Puleen. When I was in school, many years ago, my English teachers objected to both hi and hey as rude utterances. However, both have been in the language for a very long time. Most dictionaries define hey as â€Å"an exclamation to attract attention.† Ditto for hi. Hey is often used as a nonsense word in song lyrics, as in the chorus of Simon and Garfunkel’s Mrs. Robinson. There’s a Jennifer Love Hewitt song called Hey Everybody. Earlier still, Shakespeare used hey in the refrain of a song in Much Ado About Nothing: . . . be you blithe and bonny; Converting all your sounds of woe Into. Hey nonny, nonny. Hey and hi can’t claim to have an etymology like a â€Å"real† word. Both seem to derive from the sound of a grunt, like Roman eho, Greek eia, and German hei. The OED notes that used as â€Å"a word of greeting,† hi is chiefly North American. According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the first recorded use (1862) of hi as a greeting was to the speech of a Kansas Indian. This use of hi by an Indian brings to mind the â€Å"how!† so often heard in old cowboy movies. Again, the OEtyD: how: Native American greeting, Siouxan (cf. Dakota hao, Omaha hau); first recorded 1817 in Eng, but noted early 17c. by Fr. missionary Jean de Brebeuf among Hurons as an expression of approval (1636). As to which to use as an informal greeting, it’s a personal choice. I read a comment by someone who prefers hey to hi because â€Å"it sounds more casual.† To some speakers, however, hi sounds friendly, but hey sounds rude. I wonder what my English teachers would have said to the notion that anything could be more casual than hi. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What is the Difference Between Metaphor and Simile?Types of Ignorance

Interview of Health Care Leader Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Interview of Health Care Leader - Essay Example My role is to advise and guide my students that can motivate them to engage in scholarly work. Moreover, I have to prepare nursing conferences to educate the trainee nurses about several aspects of clinical nursing. I have to maintain clinical components. I always try to contribute to the academic community through effective leadership roles. How would you describe a leader? A leader is an individual who have a clear vision. A leader can provide strong commitment and drive his or her team towards the vision. Effective leadership skills can make it happen. Leadership is the process of social influence. A person can enlist the support and aid of other associates in the triumph of a common task. Effective leaders expertly organize a group of individuals to accomplish a common objective. In healthcare sector, leaders need to manage and control each and every healthcare team of doctors, nurses and support staffs. It can help the organization to maintain its organizational vale. Effective leadership in healthcare organization will help to take care of the needs of patients who seek for significant treatment and care. What are important qualities or characteristics of leaders? A leader needs to have positive attitude, behavior and personality that can drive a group of people towards the developed objective. A leader needs to be trusted by other. He or she should have superior integrity and honesty. A true leader should be enthusiastic about his or her work and responsibility. He or she should have the dedication and passion to develop several innovative strategies to achieve successful project outcome. A good leader should be confident about his decision making ability. He or she should have the capability to undertake calculated risk under the decision making process. A good leader should provide commitment to the excellence (Maxwell, 2005). He or she should maintain high ethical standards in the decision making process. Moreover, a leader in a healthcare organizatio n should motivate all the staffs within the team to provide effective performance. Effective motivation process can enhance group performance. It can directly reflect in the profitability of that organization. What is your personal philosophy of leadership? A leader is an important person who can lead a crowd in the direction where the objectives and goals can be successfully accomplished. A good and team oriented leader generally acknowledges a problem and gives solution to it. He or she can attract the people preaching and sharing his or her view of giving solutions to the problems. For example, during an emergency situation a good healthcare leader have to take a quick decision within a fraction of second. Effective undertaking of calculative risk can save a life of a patient during an emergency situation. Moreover, effective leading skills can enhance collaborative group work. In addition to this, a good leader has the ability to undertake effective future strategies to achieve organizational objectives. What learning experiences have had the most influence on your own personal development as a leader? Leadership is tough but quite interesting. An individual can avail effective leadership skill through significant work experience and continuous practice. Talent or skill is another important aspect that can transform a hardworking individual to a good leader. In my personal development as a leader, I had to work very hard on my expertise and talent. Sheer

Discuss in DETAIL six Cognitive distortions Essay - 1

Discuss in DETAIL six Cognitive distortions - Essay Example The behaviour of the mentally ill patient is observed and studied to probe into their situation and suggest treatment. According to (Sharf ,2012,pg.8)â€Å" Belief system and thinking are seen as important in determining and affecting behaviour and feelings† Another technique which is the environmental approach, the environmental stressors which cause the psychological problem is investigated. In this case, the environment can be a stimuli for depression or other anxiety problem in a person. In biological technique is the emotion, language, memory, attention, and perception of the patient is understood to identify their psychological functioning. Here the anatomy of the brain is studied to understand the underlying cause of the problem .often the person is analysed for their chemical dependency to get an actual picture of the patient’s condition. The other technique is the supportive method which is crucial technique cognitive therapy. Despite the effectiveness of the cognitive therapy technique, it is necessary to include a supporting factor in the treatment process to make the patient comfortable and

Psychology, Theology in Chrisitian Counseling Essay Example for Free

Psychology, Theology in Chrisitian Counseling Essay SUMMARY The book begins with at brief selection as it addresses the importance of the counselor utilizing the Christian faith in counseling in addition to focusing on the relationship between psychology and theology. It addresses the issues and concerns that religion may bring into counseling sessions and how the counselor should address and handle these challenges. McMinn addresses the facts that spiritual development must take place with the client as well as the counselor. The counselor must personally address the regulation of prayer, scripture, sin, confession, forgiveness, and redemption these formulations are a necessity for smooth sessions for the client and counselor. The objective of the sessions is to create a healthy sense of self for the client. Once this objective is achieved, the client can move from being broken, and begin a self-motivated and fulfilling relationship with God and others. In the section, Toward Psychological and Spiritual Health, McMinn focuses his main position to the varied individuality of an individual’s life. He proposes that Christian counseling strengthens three areas of a person’s life: sense of self, awareness of human need, limitations, and confiding interpersonal relationships with God and others. The book appears to be focused on the many important attributes of a Christian’s life i.e. prayer, scripture, sin, confession, forgiveness, and redemption all which should be the foundational make-up of the Christian counselor’s method of treating client’s. Dr. McMinn (1996) believes prayer should be used in and outside of the counseling session, however; with caution. According to McMinn (1996) Christian counselors should depend upon Scripture for truth by determining how to use it appropriately. The use of scripture should be utilized as a therapeutic intervention in the counseling setting. In addition, it would solely depend upon the client’s emotional, mental and spiritual health and how it is perceived. The chapters are formatted in a very straightforward layout. The chapters have sections to address the challenges counselors face, psychological and spiritual health focus points, and also expected results by each foundational element of counseling – psychological, theological, and spiritual. McMinn further discusses the topics of sin, redemption and forgiveness. From the text, it is apparent that the discussion of sin must be handled with care at all times. This subject should be approached with caution and only be discussed if there is a healthy client counselor relationship. Forgiveness is one of the other attributes discussed. Forgiveness has the ability to lead an individual to a healthy and fulfilling life with others and self. It can produce spiritual, mental and emotional reprieve for a client. Redemption is the sole objective for counseling and the counselor must first recognize his redemption before he is urged to be a vessel to redeem someone else. (Ephesians 1:7-8) In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, in accordance with the riches of Gods grace 8that he lavished on us with all wisdom and understanding. (NIV) Christ’s redemption has freed us from guilt, being â€Å"justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus† (Romans 3:24). To be redeemed we first have to be lost, separated, and captive, be in slavery, and so on. In the case of the Christian redemption definition, we are separated from God and need redemption to be able to be reconcile back to God. CONCRETE RESPONSE This book is a very good outline of spiritual and psychological health and functioning. It gives a very detailed outline of what a Christian counselor should be. Having had some counseling sessions with my pastor in regards to debating on divorce, I was able to relate to McMinns outlines. My pastor was firm and consistent and did not waiver from the word of God as it related to my personal issue at the time. Before the sessions begin, one of the major items my pastor discussed with me was prayer. He asked before the sessions started if I would like for him to pray and before the end of each session. He advised me that through prayer I would be able to feel the presence of God in which I did. As I became more acclimated with my relationship with God, I was able to feel his presence. However; at some points during the sessions I felt as if he was forcing his personal beliefs on me as it related to divorce. I was at a point in my life that divorce appeared to be the only option I felt I had. With prayer and the act of forgiveness and continued efforts, I was able to forgive my spouse and move forward. After my sessions, I was able to find my healthy sense of self again which lead to a more positive, healthy and productive life with my spouse. REFLECTION The proficiency of counseling must be carefully implemented in order for the counselor and client to eventually envision and reap the benefits. This action may not happen in two or three sessions or may not happen at all depending upon the counselor and client’s relationship. We as Christian counselors must equip ourselves with the whole armor of God (Eph. 6:11, 13). The Holy Spirit should be in the midst of each counseling session in order for the sessions to be productive and prosperous. McMinn (1996) intra disciplinary approach to healing the emotional, mental, and spiritual life of man must be taken in small steps. One question that comes to mind is the section which related to counseling adolescents. According to the book, a teenager appears to be the most difficult to communicate with. In view of the fact that teenagers are faced with an array of complex situations on a daily basis, how would one effectively bring across information for a teenager to perceive who is currently going through a dilemma? Would the same outline be used in treating adults? ACTION As I read Mark McMinn’s book I began to feel a hunger and thirst for the Word of God which became more prevalent as I continued to read. My spirit began to search for more of God . It is apparent that I must fast, pray and read my bible on a daily basis so that I can focus on God and build a closer relationship with him. This book is an excellent resource for counseling for those who need guidance in incorporating spiritual disciplines in a secularly dominated society. The only way this will be instrumental in counseling is to refer to its teaching and allow the Holy Spirit to make it conducive and acceptable in the counseling session. Many Christian counselors can use this resource to reach a level of maturity that will translate into true healing and redemption. As a Christian Counselor, I must first recognize the fact that each person is different mentally, physically and emotionally. Therefore, different methods must be utilized. There is not an outline written in stone; each session evolves into a different method according to the client and the positive or negative response of the previous sessions. The information given by McMinn has truly broadened my outlook in respects to counseling and the relationship I should have with God in reference to becoming a counselor. I would truly recommend this book to any existing counselors or those perusing a counseling career. REFERENCE McMinn, Mark R. Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality In Christian Counseling. Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1996.

Country of Origin Meat Labeling :: essays research papers

A large problem that has arose in our country is Country of Origin (COO) meat labeling. Imported meat is not labeled with its origin and has become a great problem because of the lack of universal packaging and processing laws. The United States imports meat from 26 foreign countries. This means when you buy a package of hamburger from your local grocery store it could contain meat from anywhere in the world. Other countries meat isn’t the same quality as US meat. Some meat comes from countries such as china where it is legal to feed livestock ground up bone meal from scraped animals. In which that bone meal can carry such diseases such as mad cow disease or a variety of other ailments. Other variances to US policy are things such as pesticides (rodent killer), insecticides (bug killer), and herbicides (weed killer). And when these poisons are used around livestock, they eat them also and are incorporated into the meat you buy at the supermarket. Furthermore, some foreign countries have no sanitation in the way livestock are produced. Some are grown on disease and urine infected water and food. So without labeling of meat origins, the consumer does not know what they are buying which should be immediately changed. The opposition to meat labeling laws claims it is â€Å"too much regulation and cost to gyrate through unnecessary protocols just to label the meat†. But obviously the opposition really has no defense and just doesn’t want their product to plummet once the truth is shown to the consumer. Once labels are applied to meat countries with notorious standards and unsanitary practices will be justly shut out of the market.

Modernism, Postmodernism

The youth culture of the 1960s represents the threshold between modernism and what, in most circles, passes for postmodernism. On the one hand, it is clearly an extension and reinvention of the historical avant-garde, and, on the other, it signals the increasing obsolescence of the (modernist) divide between elite and mass culture, between the artisanal and the mechanically reproduced.Reacting against the universalizing tendencies of high modernism (from abstract expressionism to the international style), and its dedication to seriousness, abstraction, and elegance, the new artists delighted in extending the range of art, in juxtaposing the exalted and the abject, the sacred and the profane, in being vernacular and relevant, and in rudely transgressing bourgeois norms.From the point of view of post-modern theory, the recent history of popular music can be seen to be marked by a trend towards the open and extensive mixing of styles and genres of music in very direct and self-conscious ways. Put very simply, the argument about the transition between modernism and postmodernism in pop music can be seen as the Beatles in the 1960s. The songs of the Beatles drew explicitly on diverse classical and popular forms and made a claim to what was for pop a new kind of musical and lyrical seriousness.Postmodernism first emerges out of a generational refusal of the categorical certainties of high modernism. The insistence on an absolute distinction between high and popular culture came to be regarded as the ‘unhip' assumption of an older generation. One sign of this collapse can be seen in the merging of art and pop music. For example, Peter Blake designed the cover of the Beatles' Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.Jameson (1991) distinguishes between modernist and post-modern pop music, making the argument that the Beatles and the Rolling Stones represent a modernist moment, against which punk rock and new wave can be seen as post-modern. In ‘Popular Mus ic and Postmodern Theory', Andrew Goodwin (1991) quite correctly argues that for various reasons this is a very difficult position to sustain. The Beatles and the Rolling Stones are as different from each other as together they are different from, say, the Clash and Talking Heads. In fact, ‘it would be much easier to make an argument in which the distinction is made between the â€Å"artifice† of the Beatles and Talking Heads and the â€Å"authenticity† of the Rolling Stones and the Clash' (55).Perhaps the best way to think of the relationship between pop music and postmodernism is historically. In most accounts, the moment of postmodernism begins in the late 1950s-the same period as the emergence of pop music. Therefore, in terms of periodization, pop music and postmodernism are more or less simultaneous. This does not necessarily mean that all pop music is post-modern. Using Raymond Williams's model of social formations always consisting of a hierarchy of cultu res-‘dominant', 'emergent' and ‘residual'-post-modern pop music can be seen as 'emergent' in the 1960s with the late Beatles, and the rock music of the counter-culture, as principal examples, and in the 1970s with ‘art school' punk, to become in the late 1980s the ‘cultural dominant' of pop music.It is also possible to see the consumption of pop music and the surrounding pop music culture as in itself post-modern. Instead of an approach concerned with identifying and analysing the post-modern text or practice, we might look instead for postmodernism in the emergence of particular patterns of consumption; people who actively seek out and celebrate pastiche. The notion of a particular group of consumers, people who consume with irony and take pleasure in the weird, is very suggestive.Flirtations with Eastern mysticism in the 1960s brought new influences; the success of the Beatles, and George Harrison’s fascination with the Indian sitar, increased exposu re to Indian music and to Ravi Shankar, probably the first distinct ‘world musician’, unquestionably promoting musical sounds and structures quite different from those in the West. Prior to the successes of Miriam Makeba, Ravi Shankar and Manu Dibango, the first African musician to have an international hit, and whose music helped usher in the disco era (Mitchell 1996), musicians with exceptional local and regional popularity were otherwise largely unknown in the West, because their music was unfamiliar and inaccessible, and the words incomprehensible (hence Western recording companies took little interest).The Beatles’ quest for mysticism, enlightenment and innovative sounds (which could be incorporated in Western musical structures, rather than being given a life of their own) was the forerunner of other Western performers’ similar searches for authenticity and difference. Paul Simon’s Graceland (1986) recorded English lyrics over tracks performed by black South African bands and the vocal group Ladysmith Black Mambazo.As many critics noted, rock may have been the most popular and influential art form during the late '60s, â€Å"the deepest means of communication and expression† that negotiated the incompatibility of the post-modern with the preindustrial by attempting to unite â€Å"a mass culture† with â€Å"a genuine folk culture.† In the mid-Sixties, electricity, poetry, sex, and rhythm mixed with another combustible element, drugs, to create psychedelia. Baby boomer parents worshipped doctors and high medicine and avidly ingested antidepressants and other medications to achieve altered states of mental and physical health.Likewise, baby boomers' drug experimentation aimed for transport to a new personal and world consciousness that would eliminate human barriers— class, race, ideology—dividing their parents' world. By 1965, a suite of drugs coursed through the rock community. Dylan and marijuana influenced the Beatles' Rubber Soul (1965), a folk rock record of soft edges and personal introspection. Attracting a male following, The Who, the Mod heroes, thrashed through early singles such as â€Å"Anyway, Anyhow, Anywhere† and â€Å"My Generation† with amphetamine-fed punk fury.Acid rock borrowed sounds, scales, chords, and rhythms from around the world to distort space and time. The Beatles adapted Indian ragas and modal jazz to dislodge the rhythmic anchor and erase the four cardinal directions. In England, the Beatles were introduced to acid in 1965; they recorded Revolver a year later. Their variable tape speeds, tape loops, backward guitar and voice lines, and other experiments transformed basic rock and roll chords, beats, and voices into a tableau of acid-soaked sound, rhythm, and poetry. Especially disorienting was â€Å"Tomorrow Never Knows,† an early trance-rock number. Ringo Starr's bass drum figure, a human heartbeat, kicked time in reverse, while John Lennon's filtered vocals, chants inspired by the Tibetan Book of the Dead, seemed piped in from creation.In a key contribution, ‘Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism', Jameson overviews postmodernism as the cultural expression of a new phase of capitalism, characterized by communications technologies facilitating the virtually instantaneous shifting of international capital, the emergence of new centres of capital (e.g. Japan) in a global economy, new class formations breaking with the traditional labour v. capital division, and a consumer capitalism which markets style, images and tastes as much as actual products. The commoditization of culture has resulted in a new populism of the mass media, a culture centred around the marketing and consumption of surfaces and appearances, epitomised by the ubiquity of commercial television.Despite its obvious plausibility as a general explanation of developments in popular culture, postmodernism su ffers from a number of difficulties. To heavily generalise, these are: its frequent lack of specificity; its overpreoccupation with texts and audiences at the expense of locating these within the economic and productive context within which cultural products reside; its reduction of history and politics and its ignoral of ‘traditional' sociological notions of production, class and ideology.The postmodernist view of rock music regards it as exemplifying the collapse of traditional distinctions between art and the commercial, the aesthetic and the unaesthetic, and the authentic and unauthentic. This view is most prominent in discussions of music video, with its affinities to advertising (Kaplan 1987). Popular cultural texts of the Beatles are regarded as dynamic not static, mediated both by patterns of economic and social organisation and the relationship of individuals and social groups to these patterns. This puts politics in a position of central importance, as culture is vie wed as a site of conflict and struggle, of negotiations which constantly confirm and redefine the existing conditions of domination and subordination in society.Against the backdrop of these cultural studies signposts, the construction of meaning in rock can be seen as embracing a number of factors: the music industry and its associated technologies, those who create the music, the nature of rock texts, the constitution of rock audiences and their modes of consumption, and attempts to influence and regulate all of these. The role of the music industry, in its drive to commodify rock and maximise profits, is the starting point for understanding rock.In film or in rock a certain historical logic can be reintroduced by the hypothesis that such newer media recapitulate the evolutionary stages or breaks between realism, modernism and postmodernism, in a compressed time span, such that the Beatles and the Stones occupy the high modernist moment embodied by the ‘auteurs' of 1950s and 1960s art films.Although animation was used in the early days of filmmaking and became just another form of studio production, it underwent big changes in the late twentieth century. A major break in such style occurred with the Beatles' animated film, Yellow Submarine (1968). Not only was the colour startling – a psychedelic experience of sorts, as some commented – but the animation also used a mixture of media that inspired what was later called the â€Å"blendo† style in which cels, cut-outs, clay figures – and more recently – computer graphics are blended (Cohen 1998).The application of postmodernism to popular music is primarily based on two perceived trends: firstly, the increasing evidence of pastiche, intertextuality, and eclecticism; and, secondly, increased cultural fusion and the collapsing of high-low culture type distinctions in rock. However, rock history demontrates that the first trend frequently actually reaffirms the distinctions supposedly being broken down in the second trend. Post-modern music clearly contributed to the increasingly global nature of cultural and economic linkages, mapping out new networks of commodity flow and entrepreneurial activity.At least at a surface level, all countries’ popular musics were shaped by international influences and institutions, by multinational capital and technology, by global pop norms and values. Even the most nationalist sounds—carefully cultivated ‘folk’ song, angry local dialect punk, preserved (for the tourist) traditional dance—were determined by a critique of international entertainment. The rise of rock ‘n’ roll, the success of the Beatles, alongside transitions in other cultural forms, ensured some measure of ubiquity.ReferencesCentore, F. F. (1991). Being and Becoming: A Critique of Post-Modernism, Greenwood Press: New York.Goodwin, Andrew. (1991). â€Å"Popular Music and Postmodern Theory†, Cultural Studies, 5.Jameson, Fredric (1991). Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism, Durham, NC: Duke University Press.Kaplan, E.A. (1987). Rocking Around the Clock: Music Television, Postmodernism, and Consumer Culture, New York: Methuen.Mitchell, T. (1996). Popular Music and Local Identity, Leicester University Press, London and New York.

Is Rain Water Clean and Safe to Drink

Have you ever wondered whether or not its safe to drink rainwater? The short answer is: sometimes. Heres a look at when its not safe to drink rainwater, when you can drink it, and what you can do to make it safer for human consumption. Key Takeaways: Can You Drink Rain? Most rain is perfectly safe to drink and may be even cleaner than the public water supply.Rainwater is only as clean as its container.Only rain that has fallen directly from the sky should be collected for drinking. It should not have touched plants or buildings.Boiling and filtering rainwater will make it even safer to drink. When You Shouldnt Drink Rain Water Rain passes through the atmosphere before falling to the ground, so it can pick up any contaminants in the air. You dont want to drink rain from hot radioactive sites, like Chernobyl or around Fukushima. Its not a great idea to drink rainwater falling near chemical plants or near the plumes of power plants, paper mills, etc. Dont drink rainwater that has run off of plants or buildings because you could pick up toxic chemicals from these surfaces. Similarly, dont collect rainwater from puddles or into dirty containers. Rain Water That Is Safe for Drinking Most rainwater is safe to drink. Actually, rainwater is the water supply for much of the worlds population.  The levels of pollution, pollen, mold, and other contaminants are low — possibly lower than your public drinking water supply. Keep in mind, rain does pick up low levels of bacteria as well as dust and occasional insect parts, so you may want to treat rainwater before drinking it. Making Rain Water Safer Two key steps you can take to improve the quality of rainwater are to boil it and filter it. Boiling the water will kill off pathogens. Filtration, such as through a home water filtration pitcher, will remove chemicals, dust, pollen, mold, and other contaminants. The other important consideration is how you collect rainwater. You can collect rainwater directly from the sky into a clean bucket or bowl. Ideally, use a disinfected  container or one that was run through a dishwasher. Let the rain water sit for at least an hour so heavy particulates can settle to the bottom. Alternatively, you can run the water through a coffee filter to remove debris.  Although it isnt necessary, refrigerating the rainwater will retard the growth of most microorganisms it could contain. What About Acid Rain? Most rainwater is naturally acidic, with an average pH of around 5.6, from the interaction between water and carbon dioxide in the air. This is not dangerous. In fact, drinking water rarely has a neutral pH because it contains dissolved minerals. Approved public water could be acidic, neutral, or basic, depending on the source of the water. To put the pH into perspective, coffee made with neutral water has a pH around 5. Orange juice has a pH closer to 4. The truly acidic rain that you would avoid drinking might fall around an active volcano. Otherwise, acid rain isnt a serious consideration. Sources Joan D. Willey; Bennett; Williams; Denne; Kornegay; Perlotto; Moore (January 1988). Effect of storm type on rainwater composition in southeastern North Carolina. Environmental Science Technology. 22 (1): 41–46. doi:10.1021/es00166a003Joan D. Willey; Kieber; Avery (2006-08-19). Changing Chemical Composition of Precipitation in Wilmington, North Carolina, U.S.A.: Implications for the Continental U.S.A. Environmental Science Technology. 40 (18): 5675–5680. doi:10.1021/es060638wS. I. Efe; F. E. Ogban; M. J. Horsfall; E. E. Akporhonor (2005). Seasonal Variations of Physico-chemical Characteristics in Water Resources Quality in Western Niger Delta Region, Nigeria (PDF). Journal of Applied Scientific Environmental Management. 9 (1): 191–195.